ࡱ> egda jbjbYQYQ $3333,(,(,(,( 8(<-$((((((((L-N-N-N-N-N-N-,.RK1~z-(((((z-(((-((((((L-((L-(((t( Di,((((-0-(1(1(($$Table 18.3 Predicting oxidation states on the basis of filled orbitalselementoxidation statefilled octetfilled s-orbitalelementoxidation statefilled octetfilled s-orbitalAl+3*Mg+2As-3Mn+7Ba+2N+3Br-1N+5Br+5O-2Br+7P+5C+4P+3Ca+2S+4Cl-1S+6Cl+7Sb-3Cl-5Si+2Cr+6Si+4F-1V+3K+1V+5 Ihi3hPthi3CJhPthi36CJhbhi35HIQankkkkkkkkk$$$$Ifa$gdi3lekd$$Ifl*," t064 l4a$$$Ifgdi3l FfFf$$$$Ifa$gdi3lFf   FfLFf" $$$$Ifa$gdi3l "%&'(*-./03678FfFf$$$$Ifa$gdi3lFfv89;>?@ADGHIJLOPQRUXYZ[^abcFfFf$$$$Ifa$gdi3lcdgjklmpstuvy|}~Ff'Ffr$$$$$Ifa$gdi3lFfH!Ff-Ff*$$$$Ifa$gdi3l":pi3/ =!"#$%c$$If!vh5#v:Vl t65/  / a=$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/  / / / / akde$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd $$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd $$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akdE$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akdo$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd $$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akdA#$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akdk&$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd)$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4a/$$If!v h5G505455550545 #v #v4#v0#v#v#v#v4#v0#vG:Vl t65 55\55555\5/ /  / / akd,$$Ifl *q ^r?o,"\\ t06$$$$4 l4aD`D i3NormalCJOJQJaJmH sH tH DA@D Default Paragraph FontRi@R  Table Normal4 l4a (k@(No Listv`v i3 Table Grid7:V0 OJQJ_H  zHIQan    "%&'(*-./036789;>?@ADGHIJLOPQRUXYZ[^abcdgjklmpstuvy|}~0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0ܢ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0آ*Н0Н 0НHIQan    "%&'(*-./036789;>?@ADGHIJLOPQRUXYZ[^abcdgjklmpstuvy|}~@P@0  @5 @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @0=' @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5H  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5U  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5b  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5o  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5|  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @5  @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @ 50t=' @0~  0(8c HIQan    "%&'(*-./036789;>?@ADGHIJLOPQRUXYZ[^abcdgjklmpstuvy|}~@@"*{:: @UnknownGTimes New Roman5Symbol3 Arial3Times9MNew York 1hԣFԣF4do`ykUTable 18College EducationCollege Education Oh+'07  4 @ LX`hpx' Table 18College EducationNormalCollege Education1Microsoft Word 11.3@@+@+G,6PICT6$d 3'MSWD s3"V,Times .(dTable 18.3 Predic-(dt-)Bing-(d/ -)2 oxidation-(d -)2s-)Nt-)Bates(d on the-(d -)1basis-(d -)2of-) f-)til-)ple-)d-)o -)2orbitalsi-hf(d*  3 6 -(?element<-;(?   >3-)oxid-(? a-)Tti-)\o-)Tn-)S -( [state<-;(   3_-(?bfill-)e-)Kd-)S -(loctet<-;(  g3Q-(?fill-)e-)Kd-)S -)*s-)A--(orbit-(<a-)Tl<-;).  Y3 ;-:(?2  37-(?element<-;(?  ?3-(?oxid-(?a-)Tti-)\o-)Tn-)S -(\state<-;(  3`-(?cfill-)e-)Kd-)S -(moctet<-;(  h3"R-(?fill-)e-)Kd-)S -)*s-)A--(orbit-(!=a-)Tl<-;).  1s{1{1{1 61 6 >1 6 F1 F111_1_g1_o1oQ1QY1Qa1a 1 1 1717?17G1G111`1`h1`p1p"R1"R"Z1"R"b1{)1 6) >1)1_)g1Q)Y1 )17)?1)1`)h1"R)"Z 3 6-( AlO-N)  >3-( +3N-M)  3_-(*N-M)S  g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(2MgO-N)  ?3-(+2N-M)  3`(  h3"R(   1){11)1 61) 61 >1) >11)11)1_1)_1g1)g1Q1)Q1Y1) 11)171)71?1)?11)11)1`1)`1h1)h1"R1)"R1"Z11{11 6 >1111_g11QY11 117?1111`h11"R"Z 3 6-( AsN-M)  >3-( -)73O-N)S  3_N-M(   g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(2MnO-N)  ?3-(+7N-M)  3`(  h3"R(   1{1 61 6 >1 >11_1_g1gQ1QY1 1717?1?11`1`h1h"R1"R"Z1{1 6 >11_g1QY1 17?11`h1"R"Z 3 6-( Y BaN-M)  >3-( Y +2N-M)  3_( Y   g3Q( Y  Y3 ( Y2  37-( YiNN-M)x  ?3-( Y+3N-M)  3`( Y  h3"R( Y   1{1 61 6 >1 >11_1_g1gQ1QY1 1717?1?11`1`h1h"R1"R"Z1{ 1 6 >1 1_ g1Q Y1 17 ?1 1` h1"R "Z 3 6-( " BrO-N)  >3-( " -)71O-N)S  3_N-M( "   g3Q( "  Y3 ( "2  37-( "iNN-M)x  ?3-( "+5N-M)  3`( "  h3"R( "   1 { 1  61 6 >1 > 1  1  _1 _ g1 g Q1 Q Y1  1  71 7 ?1 ? 1  1  `1 ` h1 h "R1 "R "Z1 { L1 6 L >1  L1 _ Lg1 Q LY1  L1 7 L?1  L1 ` Lh1 "R L"Z 3 6-( BrO-N)  >3-( +5N-M)  3_(    g3Q(   Y3 ( 2  37-( iON-M)x  ?3-( -)72O-N)S  3`N-M(   h3"R(   1 L{ T1 L T 61 L 6 T >1 L > T1 L T1 L T_1 L_ Tg1 Lg TQ1 LQ TY1 L T1 L T71 L7 T?1 L? T1 L T1 L T`1 L` Th1 Lh T"R1 L"R T"Z1 T{ 1 T 6  >1 T 1 T_ g1 TQ Y1 T 1 T7 ?1 T 1 T` h1 T"R "Z 3 6-( BrO-N)  >3-( +7N-M)  3_(    g3Q(   Y3 ( 2  37-( wPO-N)\  ?3-( +5N-M)  3`(   h3"R(   1 { 1   61  6  >1  > 1  1  _1 _ g1 g Q1 Q Y1  1  71 7 ?1 ? 1  1  `1 ` h1 h "R1 "R "Z1 { 1  6 >1  1 _ g1 Q Y1  1 7 ?1  1 ` h1 "R "Z 3 6-( | CN-M)o  >3-( | +4N-M)  3_( |   g3Q( |  Y3 ( |2  37-( |wPO-N)\  ?3-( |+3N-M)  3`( |  h3"R( |   1 { 1  61 6 >1 > 1  1  _1 _ g1 g Q1 Q Y1  1  71 7 ?1 ? 1  1  `1 ` h1 h "R1 "R "Z1 { 1 6 >1  1 _ g1 Q Y1  1 7 ?1  1 ` h1 "R "Z 3 6-( E CaN-M)  >3-( E +2N-M)  3_( E   g3Q( E  Y3 ( E2  37-( EwSO-N)\  ?3-( E+4N-M)  3`( E  h3"R( E   1 { 1  61 6 >1 > 1  1  _1 _ g1 g Q1 Q Y1  1  71 7 ?1 ? 1  1  `1 ` h1 h "R1 "R "Z1 { o1 6 o >1  o1 _ og1 Q oY1  o1 7 o?1  o1 ` oh1 "R o"Z 3 6-( ClN-M)  >3-( -)71O-N)S  3_N-M(   g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(wSO-N)\  ?3-(+6N-M)  3`(  h3"R(   1 o{ w1 o w 61 o 6 w >1 o > w1 o w1 o w_1 o_ wg1 og wQ1 oQ wY1 o w1 o w71 o7 w?1 o? w1 o w1 o w`1 o` wh1 oh w"R1 o"R w"Z1 w{81 w 68 >1 w81 w_8g1 wQ8Y1 w 81 w78?1 w81 w`8h1 w"R8"Z 3 6-( ClN-M)  >3-( +7N-M)  3_(   g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(NSbO-N)  ?3-(-)73O-N)S  3`N-M(  h3"R(   18{@18@ 618 6@ >18 >@18@18@_18_@g18g@Q18Q@Y18 @18@7187@?18?@18@18@`18`@h18h@"R18"R@"Z1@{1@ 6 >1@1@_g1@QY1@ 1@7?1@1@`h1@"R"Z 3 6-( ClN-M)  >3-( -)75O-N)S  3_N-M(   g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(`SiO-N)  ?3-(+2N-M)  3`(  h3"R(   1{ 1 61 6 >1 > 1 1 _1_ g1g Q1Q Y1  1 717 ?1? 1 1 `1` h1h "R1"R "Z1 {1 6 >1 1 _g1 QY1  1 7?1 1 `h1 "R"Z 3 6-(h CrO-N)  >3-(h +6N-M)  3_(h   g3Q(h  Y3 (h2  37-(h`SiO-N)  ?3-(h+4N-M)  3`(h  h3"R(h   1{1 61 6 >1 >11_1_g1gQ1QY1 1717?1?11`1`h1h"R1"R"Z1{1 6 >11_g1QY1 17?11`h1"R"Z 3 6-(1 FO-N)\  >3-(1 -)71O-N)S  3_N-M(1   g3Q(1  Y3 (12  37-(1iVN-M)x  ?3-(1+3N-M)  3`(1  h3"R(1   1{1 61 6 >1 >11_1_g1gQ1QY1 1717?1?11`1`h1h"R1"R"Z1{[1 6[ >1[1_[g1Q[Y1 [17[?1[1`[h1"R["Z 3 6-( KN-M)x  >3-( +1N-M)  3_(   g3Q(  Y3 (2  37-(iVN-M)x  ?3-(+5N-M)  3`(  h3"R(   1[{c1[c 61[ 6c >1[ >c1[c1[c_1[_cg1[gcQ1[QcY1[ c1[c71[7c?1[?c1[c1[c`1[`ch1[hc"R1["Rc"Z1c{$1${,91$, 61c 6$ >1$ 6, >1$ >,1c$1$,1$,_1c_$g1$_,g1$g,Q1cQ$Y1$Q,Y91c $1$ ,91$,71c7$?1$7,?1$?,1c$1$,1$,`1c`$h1$`,h1$h,"R1c"R$"Z1$"R,"Z9 3' d-d(  !3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3 !3'! '! 3 !3'! '! 3 !3'! '! 3 !3'! '! 3 !3'! '! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3!3'!'! 3~!3~'!'! 3}!3}'!'! 3|!3|'!'! 3{!3{'!'! 3z!3z'!'! 3y!3y'!'! 3x!3x'!'! 3w!3w'!'! 3v!3v'!'! 3u!3u'!'! 3t!3t'!'! 3s!3s'!'! 3r!3r'!'! 3q!3q'!'! 3p !3p'! '! !!3o!!3o'!!'!!! ""3n"!3n'!"'!"" ##3m#!3m'!#'!## $$3l$!3l'!$'!$$ %%3k%!3k'!%'!%% ՜.+,0 `hpx  '  Table 18 Title  !"#$%&()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_`abcfRoot Entry FU+hData /1Table'1WordDocument$SummaryInformation(@7DocumentSummaryInformation8\CompObjXObjectPoolU+U+ FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8